Bautista, T. G., Cash, T. A., Meyerhoefer, T., & Pipe, T. (2022). Equitable mindfulness: The practice of mindfulness for all. Journal of Community Psychology, 50(7), 3141-3155. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcop.22821 

This article provides an overview of the current access to mindfulness practices in vulnerable populations and argues for mindfulness training and programs that can address a variety of individuals across socioeconomic status. The authors dive into existing research on the effect of mindfulness programs on African American/Black smokers, women in residential treatment programs, and youth experiencing homelessness. The article also addresses barriers and lack of diversity in the field. 

Borle, P., Reichel, K., Niebuhr, F., & Voelter-Mahlknecht, S. (2021). How Are Techno-Stressors Associated with Mental Health and Work Outcomes? A Systematic Review of Occupational Exposure to Information and Communication Technologies within the Technostress Model. International journal of environmental research and public health, 18(16), 8673. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18168673 

This article provides insight into the “technostress” phenomenon and investigates the health and work impacts of a variety of techno stressors including: techno-invasion, techno-uncertainty, techno-overload, techno-complexity, and techno-insecurity. The study observed that all techno-stressors were negatively associated with health and work outcomes, though they noted that techno-overload and techno-invasion have been most investigated in the field. 

Brown, T. L. (2018). A critical assessment of the place of post-occupancy evaluation in the critique and creation of socially responsible architecture. Intelligent Buildings International, 10(3), 182–193. https://doi.org/10.1080/17508975.2018.1437708

This article provides a critique of existing methodologies for evaluating the design of buildings and measuring their impact on individuals and communities. Brown provides a historical overview of post-occupancy evaluations (POEs) used for collecting quantifiable data from technical building aspects, not accounting for the socio-environmental conditions created by a building’s design and operation.

Döllinger, N., Wienrich, C., & Latoschik, M. E. (2021). Challenges and opportunities of immersive technologies for mindfulness meditation: A systematic review. Frontiers in Virtual Reality, 2, Article 644683. https://doi.org/10.3389/frvir.2021.644683 

This article investigates the potential for improved support of mindfulness and meditation through XR technology, which allows us to design controlled spaces for mindfulness research. The authors elaborate on the ways in which XR technology can assist with stimulating certain sensory experiences that give us a better sense of how different factors like content presentation and interaction impact an experience. This article also supports claims on the close relationship between experiencing nature and its impact on mindfulness.

Google. (n.d.). Digital wellbeing through technology. Retrieved October 29, 2024, from https://wellbeing.google/.

This webpage details Google’s Digital Wellbeing initiative which provides resources, tools, and tips for evaluating our relationship with technology. They offer links to adjusting browser and phone settings, as well as an overview of available features across their different platforms and products. This demonstrates one way the tech industry is moving towards more thoughtful design practices. 

Göttgens, I., & Oertelt-Prigione, S. (2021). The application of human-centered design approaches in health research and innovation: A narrative review of current practices. JMIR mHealth and uHealth, 9(12), Article e28102. https://doi.org/10.2196/28102 

This article gives insight into the inclusion of design thinking and principles of human-centered design (HCD) in health research. They provide an overview of quantitative and qualitative studies conducted to understand how human-centered design approaches were being implemented within them. They also point out challenges to implementing HCD principles in these types of studies due to biomedical guidelines.

Jarrahi, M. H., Blyth, D. L., & Goray, C. (2023). Mindful work and mindful technology: Redressing digital distraction in knowledge work. Digital Business, 3(1), Article 100051. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.digbus.2022.100051 

This article presents and defines the idea of digital distractions, current solutions to digital distractions including design approaches such as “block and avoid” apps and productivity tools. The authors include a detailed framework of the defining elements of mindful work which includes three different realms of information processing, including attention, attitude, and action. They also present ways in which mindful work elements can be linked to mindful design.

Kabat-Zinn J. (1982). An outpatient program in behavioral medicine for chronic pain patients based on the practice of mindfulness meditation: theoretical considerations and preliminary results. General hospital psychiatry, 4(1), 33–47. https://doi.org/10.1016/0163-8343(82)90026-3

This article summarizes a 10-week stress reduction and relaxation program used to study the effects of detached observation on experiences of pain and self-regulation. The authors also clearly point out that the meditation practice was taught independent of the cultural/Buddhist origins, though they acknowledge the practices’ roots in Theravada Buddhism. The study results showed that patients experienced improvements in their conditions over the length of their program.

Kabat-Zinn, J., Lipworth, L., & Burney, R. (1985). The clinical use of mindfulness meditation for the self-regulation of chronic pain. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 8(2), 163–190. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00845519 

This article summarizes a study investigating the effectiveness of mindfulness meditation in reducing pain, body image distress, and mood regulation and disturbances. The mindfulness intervention demonstrated an increase in activity levels and self-esteem, providing some evidence on the relationship between mindfulness practice(s) and well-being in study participants.

Kabat‐Zinn, J., Massion, A.O., Kristeller, J., Peterson, L.G., Fletcher, K.E., Pbert, L., Lenderking, W.R., & Santorelli, S.F. (1992). Effectiveness of a meditation-based stress reduction program in the treatment of anxiety disorders. The American journal of psychiatry, 149(7), 936-943. https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.149.7.936 

This article documents one of the first studies in evaluating the effectiveness of mindfulness meditation on psychiatric disorders such as generalized anxiety disorders. The study was composed of only 22 participants with main psychiatric diagnoses of panic disorder and generalized anxiety disorder, though most patients had multiple diagnoses. The study showed improvements in the symptoms of anxiety and depression that were maintained for 3-months post-study. 

Kabat-Zinn, J. (2003). Mindfulness-based interventions in context: Past, present, and future. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 10(2), 144-156. https://doi.org/10.1093/clipsy.bpg016 

Zinn’s commentary provided insight on his interpretation of mindfulness and its place/acceptance across various disciplines. He also provides examples of the effectiveness of his mindfulness-based stress reduction program in two different environments: medical settings and workplaces. 

Kabat-Zinn, J. (2021). The liberative potential of mindfulness. Mindfulness, 12(6), 1555-1563. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-021-01608-6 

Zinn’s article claims that the foundations of mindfulness, like awareness (noticing) and recognition in the present moment, are intrinsically human. He describes mindfulness as a cultural evolutionary process that can catalyze us towards a wisdom and compassion-based democracy, which can only be accomplished through an awareness of our own minds and desires.

Karl, J. A., Johnson, F. N., Bucci, L., & Fischer, R. (2021). In search of mindfulness: a review and reconsideration of cultural dynamics from a cognitive perspective. Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand, 52(2), 168–191. https://doi.org/10.1080/03036758.2021.1915804 

This article documents important limitations of existing research on mindfulness, mainly the research quality of studies conducted due to the varied interpretations of mindfulness in different cultural contexts, providing an important perspective on the integration of a specific cultural (buddhist) practice into Western, highly educated, industrialized, democratic environments. Their research suggests that the  integration of cultural contexts, including a deeper understanding of the conditions needed for experiencing mindfulness.

Kellert, S. R., Heerwagen, J., & Mador, M. (2011). Biophilic design: The theory, science  and practice of bringing buildings to life. John Wiley & Sons. Retrieved from https://download.e-bookshelf.de/download/0000/5929/05/L-G-0000592905-0002338697.pdf

This book expands on biophilic design principles and provides a framework for improving the relationship between the built environment and the natural environment through architectural design. It provides background on the value of biophilic design for human cognition, wellness, and productivity, and offers specific examples of features and processes that can be incorporated into the design of a space. 

Kellert, S. R. (2018). Nature by design: The practice of biophilic design. Yale University Press. https://doi.org/10.12987/9780300235432 

Kellert expands on earlier work on the biophilic hypothesis and provides an overview of eight biophilic design principles that can be applied to the built environment, as well as their associated benefits. He provides a framework for understanding how biophilia relates to biophilic design which he claims is also tied to human nature and needs. He provides examples of design applications as well as ethical and ecological considerations. 

Krefis, A.C., Augustin, M., Schlünzen, K.H., Oßenbrügge, J., & Augustin, J. (2018). How Does the Urban Environment Affect Health and Well-Being? A Systematic Review. Urban Science, 2(1):21. https://doi.org/10.3390/urbansci2010021

This article provides an analysis of existing research on urban environments and their impact on health and well-being, focusing on European and North American cities with a variety of population sizes. The conceptual model used to understand health-related urban well-being  included interventions by educational politics, interventions by environmental laws, interventions by social discourses, and intervention by urban planning Their results commented on the interplay between social and physical environments and the need for more interdisciplinary approaches to understanding the dynamics that impact urban health and well-being.

Kermavnar, T., & Desmet, P. M. A. (2024). Technology and meditation: Exploring the challenges  and benefits of a physical device to support meditation routine. Multimodal Technologies and Interaction, 8(2), Article 2. https://doi.org/10.3390/mti8020009 

This article investigates the mechanics of meditation and using meditation technology to build mindful habits and behaviors, especially for those entering the meditation space. The authors explore non-digital meditation tools like Prana (a meditation lamp) and Daily Diary (calendar booklet). The article also provides insight into meditation motivators for individuals, and obstacles for overcoming the variety of personal factors that impact mindfulness.

Klase, M., Connors, O., & Abhari, K. (2022). Reflectiveness: The missing link between digital mindfulness and mindful use of digital technology. AMCIS 2022 Proceedings. Retrieved from 

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/361016897_Reflectiveness_Link_between_Digital_Mindfulness_and_Mindful_Use_Reflectiveness_The_Missing_Link_between_Digital_Mindfulness_and_Mindful_Use_of_Digital_Technology_Complete_Research 

This article argues that reflexiveness can be used as a mediation tool between mindfulness and mindful action because it encourages an analysis of the experience and the consequences of it, allowing a person to make better choices and take more mindful action. The authors argue that digital mindfulness, when done with the additional step of reflectiveness, can help with digital fatigue and promote digital wellness. These skills can aid us with managing productivity and stress in a more digitized workplace.

Spence, C. (2020). Senses of Place: Architectural Design for the Multisensory Mind. Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 5(46). https://doi.org/10.1186/s41235-020-00243-4 

This article provides background on environmental psychology for making architectural design a multisensory experience that includes elements that appeal to all of our human senses. Spence also provides case studies of multisensory design in architecture, claiming that designing for the senses can enhance our quality of life and promote our well-being.

Wijesooriya, N., Brambilla, A., & Markauskaite, L. (2023). Biophilic Design Frameworks: A review of structure, development techniques and their compatibility with LEED sustainable design criteria. Cleaner Production Letters, 4, 100033. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clpl.2023.100033

This article provides a critical review of the limitations of current design frameworks, including biophilic design and sustainable design principles. The authors investigate the disconnection between green building design criteria (which tends to be quantitative in nature) and the integration of qualitative approaches like biophilic design. They differentiate biophilic design as a sensory place-making approach that can be compatible with design approaches that are more measurable and standardized in the green building design community.